[ Officer of Liu Zhang and Shu. Aided Liu Bei in Ba-Shu. Angered Cao Cao in Sanguo Yanyi.
Officer Details
Wade-Giles: Chang Sung (Yung-nien)
Simplified Chinese: 张松 (永年)
Pronunciation: Zhang1 Song1 (Yong3nian2) 
Rank and Titles
Aide-de-Camp of Liu Zhang
Family and Relationships
Zhang Su (Brother)
Literary Appearances
Romance of the Three Kingdoms: 60, 62, 63
Biography
Sent as envoy to persuade Cao Cao to attack Zhang Lu but Yongnian’s arrogance, ugly appearance and blunt speech offended Cao Cao, only the pleas of Yang Xiu and Xun Yu prevented Yongnian from being executed. On his way home Yongnian met with Liu Bei and was won over by Liu Bei’s modest attitude and offered his services.
Working on the inside, Yongnian was able to persuade Liu Zhang to ask for Liu Bei’s help against Zhang Lu, despite the protests of other officers. When Liu Bei informed Liu Zhang he was going back to Jingzhou, Yongnian wrote a letter to stop Liu Bei but was interrupted by his brother Zhang Su and his treason discovered. Yongnian was executed in the market place and would never see Liu Bei conquer Shu.